Make QR codes for URLs, text, Wi-Fi
Unlike standard 1D barcodes that usually just hold a short string of numbers, QR (Quick Response) codes are essentially 2D matrices that can store entire URLs, paragraphs of text, or binary data up to a few kilobytes.
But their most powerful feature—and the reason they are so ubiquitous in the real world—is Error Correction.
When a QR code is generated, the underlying algorithm (Reed-Solomon) doesn't just encode your data; it adds mathematical backup data (parity).
This means that if a physical QR code is scratched, printed poorly, or partially ripped, a scanner can use the surviving data points to mathematically reconstruct the missing parts.
You can configure how much backup data to include, which determines how "dense" (complex) the QR code looks:
How are marketers able to place their brand logo right in the middle of a QR code (obscuring the pixels there) without breaking the code?